Infertility is a growing concern for couples worldwide. While many people focus on medical causes like PCOS, endometriosis, or male factor issues, infections also play a role in reproductive health. Among the most common diseases is the yeast infection, medically known as candidiasis.
It’s a condition most women (and sometimes men) will experience at least once in their lifetime. But a common question we hear at The Boon IVF, Hyderabad is: “Can a yeast infection cause infertility?”
The short answer is: Yeast infections by themselves don’t usually cause infertility, but frequent, untreated, or severe infections can affect reproductive health, intimacy, and, in rare cases, fertility outcomes.
This blog will dispel myths, explain the connection between yeast infections and fertility, and guide you on when to seek help.
What is a Yeast Infection?
A yeast infection is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans, which naturally resides in the vagina, mouth, digestive tract, and skin. Usually, healthy bacteria (like Lactobacillus) keep Candida under control.
But when the natural balance of the body is disturbed, Candida can overgrow and cause symptoms such as:
- Itching and burning around the genital area
- Thick, white, cottage-cheese-like vaginal discharge
- Redness and swelling
- Pain or discomfort during intercourse or urination
Yeast infections are prevalent:
- About 3 out of 4 women experience at least one in their lifetime.
- Around 40–45% of women experience more than one infection.
Causes of Yeast Infections
Several factors can trigger yeast overgrowth, including:
- Antibiotic use (which kills protective bacteria)
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation, or birth control use
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Weakened immune system
- Tight, non-breathable clothing that creates a moist environment
- High sugar diet
- Stress and lack of sleep
These triggers don’t directly cause infertility, but repeated infections may influence reproductive health.
Can Yeast Infection Cause Infertility?
Here’s the truth: a single, mild yeast infection is unlikely to cause infertility. But recurring, untreated, or severe infections may indirectly impact fertility in several ways:
1. Disruption of Vaginal pH Balance
Healthy vaginal flora is essential for sperm survival. Yeast infections can alter pH levels, making the vaginal environment less favourable for sperm.
2. Pain During Intercourse
Persistent infections often cause discomfort or pain during sex (dyspareunia). Couples may avoid intercourse, reducing the chances of natural conception.
3. Inflammation and Immune Response
Chronic infections can trigger vaginal and cervical inflammation. This immune response may interfere with sperm motility and fertilization.
4. Increased Risk of Secondary Infections
Women with frequent yeast infections may also develop bacterial vaginosis (BV) or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which are known to impact fertility if untreated.
5. Impact on IVF and Fertility Treatments
During assisted reproductive procedures like IUI or IVF, active vaginal infections may need to be treated before proceeding, as they can affect embryo implantation and pregnancy outcomes.
Difference Between Yeast Infection and Other Fertility-Threatening Infections
It’s important not to confuse yeast infections with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or pelvic inflammatory disease:
- Yeast infection (Candidiasis): Usually not sexually transmitted, treatable with antifungal medication, and rarely causes long-term fertility issues.
- STIs (like chlamydia or gonorrhea): Can cause scarring, blocked fallopian tubes, and significant infertility if untreated.
- Bacterial Vaginosis: Alters vaginal balance and may increase miscarriage or preterm birth risk if untreated during pregnancy.
So while yeast infections are uncomfortable and frustrating, they are less dangerous for fertility compared to untreated STIs or PID.
Yeast Infections in Men and Fertility
Men can also get yeast infections, particularly on the penis (known as balanitis). Symptoms may include redness, itching, and discharge.
While male yeast infections rarely cause infertility directly, they can:
- Lead to pain or discomfort during intercourse
- Reduce sexual activity
- Occasionally, chronic infections can affect sperm motility if untreated
If both partners repeatedly pass the infection back and forth, it may delay conception efforts.
Treatment of Yeast Infection
The good news is that yeast infections are treatable and manageable. At The Boon IVF, we recommend timely treatment to prevent complications.
Common Treatments Include:
- Topical Antifungal Creams or Suppositories – Clotrimazole, Miconazole, etc.
- Oral Antifungal Medication – Fluconazole (prescribed for recurrent or severe cases).
- Lifestyle Modifications:
- Wearing breathable cotton underwear
- Avoiding douching and scented feminine products
- Managing blood sugar if diabetic
- Maintaining good hygiene
- Reducing refined sugar in the diet
Yeast Infection and Pregnancy
Many women develop yeast infections during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. While it doesn’t usually harm the baby, untreated infections can cause:
- Increased discomfort during pregnancy
- Risk of passing infection to the baby during vaginal birth
- Rare complications if combined with bacterial infections
Pregnant women should avoid self-medication and consult a fertility/gynaecology specialist for safe treatment options.
Preventing Yeast Infections for Better Fertility
If you’re planning to conceive, prevention is key. Some effective strategies include:
- Probiotics: Yoghurt, kefir, or probiotic supplements can support vaginal flora.
- Balanced Diet: Limit sugar and processed foods.
- Safe Antibiotic Use: Only when prescribed and paired with probiotics.
- Proper Intimate Hygiene: Clean with water, avoid harsh soaps.
- Regular Check-Ups: Especially if you have a history of frequent infections.
When to See a Fertility Specialist
You should consult a doctor or fertility clinic if:
- You experience recurrent yeast infections (more than 4 per year).
- Infections don’t improve with over-the-counter treatments.
- You and your partner have been trying to conceive for 6–12 months without success.
- You have other conditions like PCOS, diabetes, or endometriosis that may also affect fertility.
The Boon IVF: Helping You Overcome Fertility Challenges
At The Boon IVF, Hyderabad, we don’t just treat infertility—we treat couples holistically. If recurrent yeast infections or other reproductive health concerns are affecting your journey, we provide:
- Comprehensive diagnostic testing for both partners
- Expert gynaecology and fertility consultations
- Treatment for infections before fertility procedures
- Advanced IVF and ICSI solutions for couples struggling with conception
- Personalized care to ensure long-term reproductive health
Myths vs. Facts About Yeast Infections and Fertility
Myth 1: Yeast infection always causes infertility.
Fact: A single infection doesn’t cause infertility, but untreated, recurring infections may impact conception.
Myth 2: Yeast infections are sexually transmitted.
Fact: Not exactly. They can be passed between partners but aren’t classified as STIs.
Myth 3: Over-the-counter creams cure all yeast infections.
Fact: Recurrent infections may require prescription medication and deeper evaluation.
Myth 4: Men can’t get yeast infections.
Fact: Men can get penile yeast infections, which can affect sexual comfort and intimacy.
Final Thoughts
So, can a yeast infection cause infertility?
Not directly, but if left untreated or frequently recurring, yeast infections may influence fertility by disrupting vaginal health, reducing intimacy, or complicating ART procedures.
The key is early treatment, prevention, and fertility-focused care. At The Boon IVF, Hyderabad, our experienced specialists ensure that infections don’t stand in the way of your parenthood dreams.
Whether you’re dealing with recurring infections or facing challenges in conceiving, we are here to guide you with expert diagnostics, advanced IVF treatments, and compassionate care.
Your dream of parenthood is possible—and we’re here to make it happen.
